Pompeii

Pompeii
File:I didn't have time, Pompeii.jpg
Type 1	Archeology
Type 2	Forgery
Type 3	Myth creation
Years	79 AD, 1631 (eruption Vesuvio) 1709-38 (excavations)
Dates
Place	South of Naples Italy
Perps	King Charles III of Spain, Emmanuel Maurice
Information
Podcasts	FAC 611
Research
Mainstream

Pompeii and Herculaneum are allegedly Roman era archeological sites in southern Italy. They are located near the Tyrrhenian coast, south of Naples. According to mainstream historiography, the towns were destroyed by the 79 AD large Plinian (the origin of the name) volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius, Europe's most active volcano.

The sites were discovered "by accident" between 1709 (Herculaneum) and 1738, when two palaces were built which would later host the artifacts found at the sites. Following the War of the Spanish Succession between the Bourbon and Habsburg families, the Kingdom of Naples changed rule to the Habsburgs (1711-1735), after which king Charles III of Spain became the ruler of Naples. He together with his wife ordered the construction of various buildings around the time. The couple was involved in the construction of villas with sculptors, painters and other builders, and they were on site for decades.

Emmanuel Maurice bought property around 1709 after there were discovered some marbles and started excavating until he left for France in 1716. He is not supposed to have met Charles but it is mentioned that the couple had seen his Villa in 1738.

Convicts, slaves and children were used in the excavation of Herculaneum and Pompeii.

Summary

79 AD

• the alleged eruption could not have destroyed the cities if we have multiple maps of the 16th and 17th centuries where both Pompeii and Herculaneum are shown
• only 1 witness account of this eruption exists, that by Pliny the Younger (the origin of the term Plinian eruption)
• he doesn't tell that the cities were abandoned, he doesn't mention something like a lava or pyroclastic flow
  • his account is not convincing

1594-1600

• Famous architect builds the Sarno Canal to bring water from the Sarno River to a gun powder factory. Allegedly he discovered the lost Pompeii and covered it up after he was finished. The depth of the water conduit is not very considerable with respect to the zero level of Pompeii and, with some exceptions, it always goes under streets, house walls, and carefully goes around more or less important facilities.

1631

• the account by Masculi (1633) about the eruption of Vesuvio in 1631 describe the destruction of Herculaneum and Pompey by some kind of flow, alleged to have happened in 79 AD
  • the description itself is convincing for the destruction of the two towns
  • various sources have described this account as describing those of 79 AD, or at least "very similar"

1709-38

• according to historical documents, Herculaneum was discovered by accident in 1709 1709
• after Emmanuel went to France in 1716 the excavations were "stopped for almost 20 years"
• king Charles III of Spain (ruling for just 3 years) saw the villas of Emmanuel Maurice and wanted the same for him and his wife
• in 1738 the finds were made public with the convenient construction of not one, but two palaces and a third already existing one
• the finds were allegedly discovered at just 600 m from what later became the main museum, the Palazzo ....

1738

1747

• Emmanuel Maurice marries the 30 years junior Innocentia ..., an "immensely wealthy" woman
• family in law involved with Habsburgs and Bourbon families

1748

• Emmanuel Maurice is made Duke of Elbeuf

1758

1819

• Charles visits Pompeii with his kids and is "appaled" by the naked art

1863/64

Giuseppe Fiorelli, the director of the excavations, came up with an ingenious idea for reconstructing the bodies by pouring plaster in air pockets that where left by human (or animal) remains.

1943

• bombing of Pompeii during World War II by Allied forces, 163 bombs were dropped.
• "After the war, many of the structures were rebuilt with the help of an American and British team of experts. The renovation of Pompeii started in 1944 and continued for more than 15 years."

2015

• CT scans are made of 30 plastered bodies of men, women, children, a boar and a dog.
• The initial results further suggest that Pompeii's people were rather healthy and blessed with nearly perfect teeth.
• The cast of the dog was found to contain no bones. The archaeologists believe the bones were possibly removed from the cavity prior to the Fiorelli casting process.

Alternative chronology

See also Anatoly Fomenko

Bombing in WWII

• compare photos of WWII and today

See also

• FAC 611 - "Hidden Histories"
• 2010 - Bloomberg tablets
• 1912 - Voynich manuscript
• 1904 - Stonehenge
• 1513 - Piri Reis map
• Anatoly Fomenko
  • Large volcanic eruptions in history

External links

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• File:Pompeya Foro.jpg